Nick Read » lipid http://www.nickread.co.uk Thu, 22 Oct 2015 13:29:54 +0000 en hourly 1 http://wordpress.org/?v=3.0.1 Food and mood http://www.nickread.co.uk/research/2009/03/food-and-mood/ http://www.nickread.co.uk/research/2009/03/food-and-mood/#comments Sun, 01 Mar 2009 09:12:06 +0000 admin http://www.nickread.co.uk/?p=161
  • The intestinal regulation of eating behaviour Having shown that intestinal infusion of lipid will delay gastric...
  • The Intestinal Regulation of Gastric Emptying A series of studies demonstrated how that the slowing of...
  • Sensitivity to fat in dyspepsia This work unlined the importance of fat in generating dyspeptic...
    • ]]>     We had been investigating the effects of intestinal infusions of lipid on small bowel transit times in rats when we observed that animals that received the lipid tended to fall asleep. We wondered whether this might explain why people tend to feel drowsy after a rich meal and irritable after changing to a low fat diet. This led to a series of experiments in human volunteers by Anita Wells showing that dietary or intestinal infusion of fat reduces alertness, enhances mood and impairs concentration, while carbohydrate does the reverse. Fat also reduced heart rate, altered EEG activity and suppressed pain. These effects are probably either related to release of gut hormones particularly CCK or enhancement of activity in the sensory (afferent) component of the vagus nerve.

    1. Wells, A.S., Read, N.W., Craig, A. Influences of dietary and intraduodenal lipids on alertness, mood and sustained concentration. British Journal of Nutrition 1995; 74: 115-123.
    2. Wells, A.S., Read, N.W. Influences of fat, energy and time of day on mood and performance. Physiology & Behaviour 1996; 59: 1069-1076.
    3. Wells AS, Read, NW, Uvnas Moberg K, Asler P. Influences of fat and carbohydrate on postprandial sleepiness, mood and humour. Physiology and Behaviour l997; 6l (5): 679-686.
    4. Wells AS, Read NW, Laugharne J, Athluwalia NS. Alterations to mood after changing to a low fat diet. B.J. Nutr. l998; 79: 23-30.
    5. Wells AS, Read, NW, Idzikowski C. Jones J. Effect of meal on objective and subjective measures of daytime sleepiness. Am. J. Applied Physiology. 1998; 84 (2); 507-515
    6. Wells AS, Read NW, MacDonald I. (l997) The effect of carbohydrate and lipid on resting energy expenditure, heart rate, sleepiness and mood. Physiology and Behaviour 1998; 63 (4): 621-628.
    7. Zmarzty SA, Wells AS, Read NW. The influence of food on pain perception in healthy human volunteers. Physiology and Behaviour 1997; 62 (l):185-191.
    8. Zmarzty SA, Read NW. (1999) An examination of isoenergetic intragastric infusions of pure macronutrients on cold pain perception in healthy human volunteers. Physiology and Behaviour. 1999; 65(4):643-648.

    Related posts:

    1. The intestinal regulation of eating behaviour Having shown that intestinal infusion of lipid will delay gastric...
    2. The Intestinal Regulation of Gastric Emptying A series of studies demonstrated how that the slowing of...
    3. Sensitivity to fat in dyspepsia This work unlined the importance of fat in generating dyspeptic...

    ]]>     http://www.nickread.co.uk/research/2009/03/food-and-mood/feed/ 0     The intestinal regulation of eating behaviour http://www.nickread.co.uk/research/2009/03/the-intestinal-regulation-of-eating-behaviour/ http://www.nickread.co.uk/research/2009/03/the-intestinal-regulation-of-eating-behaviour/#comments Sun, 01 Mar 2009 09:09:08 +0000 admin http://www.nickread.co.uk/?p=159
  • The Intestinal Regulation of Gastric Emptying A series of studies demonstrated how that the slowing of...
  • Food and mood We had been investigating the effects of intestinal infusions of...
  • Small Intestinal Transit and Motility A collaboration with Dr Immanuel Bergman from the Safety in...
    • ]]>     Having shown that intestinal infusion of lipid will delay gastric emptying, probably by the release of CCK, we were interested to find out whether it would inhibit eating behaviour. The discovery that it did and was more potent than isoenergetic quantities of carbohydrate initiated a new area of research. Further studies revealed that the intestinal mechanisms regulating eating behaviour by lipid could be blunted by high fat diets, suggesting that physiological toleration of fat could contribute to obesity. Psychological needs could, however, override physiological control.

    1. Welch, I.McL., Saunders, K. and Read, N.W. The effect of ileal and intravenous infusions of fat emulsions on feeding and satiety in human volunteers. Gastroenterology.1985; 89: 1293-1297.
    2. Welch, McL.I., Sepple, C., Read, N.W. Comparisons of the effects on satiety and eating behaviour of infusion of lipid into the different regions of the small intestine. Gut. 1988; 29: 306-311.
    3. Sepple, C.P., Read, N.W. Gastrointestinal correlates of the development of hunger in man. Appetite 1989; 13: 183-191.
    4. French, S.J., Murray, B., Rumsey, R.D.E., Sepple, C.P., Read, N.W. Preliminary studies on the gastrointestinal responses to fatty meals in obese people. Int. J. Obesity 1993; 17: 295-300.
    5. Read, N.W., French, S.F., Cunningham, K. The role of the gut in regulating food intake in man. Nutrition Reviews 1994; 52(1): 1-10.
    6. French, S.J., Bergin, A., Sepple, C.P., Read, N.W., Rovati, L. The effects of loxiglumide on food intake in normal weight volunteers. Int. J. Obesity 1994; 18: 738-741.
    7. French S.J., Murray B, Rumsey, R.D.E., Fadzlin, R., Sepple, C.P., Read NW. Adaptation to high fat diets: effects on food intake and plasma cholecystokinin. Brit. J. Nutr. 1995; 73: 179-189.
    8. Cecil JE, Castiglione K, French SJ, Francis J, Read NW. Effects of intragastric infusions of fat and carbohydrate on appetite ratings and food intake from a test meal. Appetite. 1998; 30: 65-77.
    9. Cecil JE, Francis J, Read NW. Relative contributions of intestinal, gastric, orosensory and informational influences to changes in appetite induced by the same liquid meal. Appetite. l998; 3l (3): 377-390.

    Related posts:

    1. The Intestinal Regulation of Gastric Emptying A series of studies demonstrated how that the slowing of...
    2. Food and mood We had been investigating the effects of intestinal infusions of...
    3. Small Intestinal Transit and Motility A collaboration with Dr Immanuel Bergman from the Safety in...

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